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The chemical elements can be broadly divided into metals, metalloids, and nonmetals according to their shared physical and chemical properties.All elemental metals have a shiny appearance (at least when freshly polished); are good conductors of heat and electricity; form alloys with other metallic elements; and have at least one basic oxide.
A metal (from Ancient Greek μέταλλον (métallon) 'mine, quarry, metal') is a material that, when polished or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well. These properties are all associated with having electrons available at the Fermi level, as against nonmetallic materials which do not. [1]:
The metallic mean (also metallic ratio, metallic constant, or noble mean [1]) of a natural number n is a positive real number, denoted here , that satisfies the following equivalent characterizations: the unique positive real number such that = +
Metallic bonding is a type of chemical bonding that arises from the electrostatic ... Metallic bonding accounts for many physical properties of metals, such as ...
Metallic and non-metallic properties [ edit ] Metallic properties generally increase down the groups , as decreasing attraction between the nuclei and outermost electrons causes these electrons to be more loosely bound and thus able to conduct heat and electricity .
An amorphous metal (also known as metallic glass, glassy metal, or shiny metal) is a solid metallic material, usually an alloy, with disordered atomic-scale structure. Most metals are crystalline in their solid state, which means they have a highly ordered arrangement of atoms .
A material property is an intensive property of a material, i.e., a physical property or chemical property that does not depend on the amount of the material. These quantitative properties may be used as a metric by which the benefits of one material versus another can be compared, thereby aiding in materials selection.
A noble metal is ordinarily regarded as a metallic element that is generally resistant to corrosion and is usually found in nature in its raw form. Gold , platinum , and the other platinum group metals ( ruthenium , rhodium , palladium , osmium , iridium ) are most often so classified.