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Autogenous self-healing crack. Self-healing concrete is characterized as the capability of concrete to fix its cracks on its own autogenously or autonomously. It not only seals the cracks but also partially or entirely recovers the mechanical properties of the structural elements. This kind of concrete is also known as self-repairing concrete.
The repair needed also differs based on the severity and extent of the cracking. For minor cracks, preventative crack filling is a good procedure that can help prevent future potholes from forming. In the early stages, sealing cracks with crack sealant limits further deterioration of the subgrade due to moisture penetration.
Stone damage, or stone-chip, is the damage that gravel and small stones can make to a vehicle. Stone damage is most common on roads on which the allowed speed exceeds 70 km/h (43 mph; 19 m/s), since stones stuck in the tires come loose at that speed and fly away with such a speed that they can damage other vehicles.
Different types of pavements develop different cracks. Type of cracking is also correlated with the type of climate and traffic. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Sometimes the cracks are aggregated using an index such as Crack index , and sometimes they are merged with other distresses and are reported using Pavement Condition Index .
The theory is that frequent small cracks will spread thermal stress over a wider area than infrequent large joints, reducing the stress on the overlying asphalt pavement. "Rubblization" is a more complete fracturing of the old, worn-out concrete, effectively converting the old pavement into an aggregate base for a new asphalt road.
This can contribute to crack initiation point. If the filler is brittle fatigue resistance will be low, whereas if the filler is very ductile the composite will be fatigue resistant. Adhesion is also an important factor influencing fatigue resistance. If stress is higher than the particles adhesion a crack will form/propagate.