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Propofol is usually the selected sedative-hypnotic agent to maintain general anesthesia through TIVA because of its rapid onset and offset, beneficial properties and few adverse effects. [33] Its rapid onset of action is due to its high lipid-solubility , rapid redistribution from the brain to other parts of the body, and rapid clearance (20 to ...
Although propofol is widely used in the adult ICU setting, the side effects associated with medication seem to be more concerning in children. In the 1990s, multiple reported deaths of children in ICUs associated with propofol sedation prompted the FDA to issue a warning. [61] As a respiratory depressant, propofol frequently produces apnea.
Etomidate is an imidazole derivative, commonly used for the induction of general anesthesia. Effects kick in almost immediately, within 5–15 seconds, and last 5–15 minutes. [3] Etomidate carries sedative effects only; it does not provide pain relief. Side effects of etomidate include myoclonus (involuntary muscle jerking) and respiratory ...
Twilight anesthesia is an anesthetic technique where a mild dose of sedation is applied to induce anxiolysis (anxiety relief), hypnosis, and anterograde amnesia (inability to form new memories). The patient is not unconscious, but sedated.
Etomidate [3] (USAN, INN, BAN; marketed as Amidate) is a short-acting intravenous anaesthetic agent used for the induction of general anaesthesia and sedation [4] for short procedures such as reduction of dislocated joints, tracheal intubation, cardioversion and electroconvulsive therapy.
Sedation scales are used in medical situations in conjunction with a medical history in assessing the applicable degree of sedation in patients in order to avoid under-sedation (the patient risks experiencing pain or distress) and over-sedation (the patient risks side effects such as suppression of breathing, which might lead to death).
Propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) is a rare syndrome which affects patients undergoing long-term treatment with high doses of the anaesthetic and sedative drug propofol. It can lead to cardiac failure , rhabdomyolysis , metabolic acidosis , and kidney failure , and is often fatal.
In medicine, specifically in end-of-life care, palliative sedation (also known as terminal sedation, continuous deep sedation, or sedation for intractable distress of a dying patient) is the palliative practice of relieving distress in a terminally ill person in the last hours or days of a dying person's life, usually by means of a continuous intravenous or subcutaneous infusion of a sedative ...