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The Williamson ether synthesis is an organic reaction, forming an ether from an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol . This reaction was developed by Alexander Williamson in 1850. [ 2 ] Typically it involves the reaction of an alkoxide ion with a primary alkyl halide via an S N 2 reaction .
Diethyl ether is produced from ethanol by this method. Cyclic ethers are readily generated by this approach. Elimination reactions compete with dehydration of the alcohol: R–CH 2 –CH 2 (OH) → R–CH=CH 2 + H 2 O. The dehydration route often requires conditions incompatible with delicate molecules. Several milder methods exist to produce ...
A second method of preparing organolithium reagents is a metalation (lithium hydrogen exchange). The relative acidity of hydrogen atoms controls the position of lithiation. This is the most common method for preparing alkynyllithium reagents, because the terminal hydrogen bound to the sp carbon is very acidic and easily deprotonated. [ 36 ]
The autoignition temperature of diethyl ether is 160 °C (320 °F). The diffusion of diethyl ether in air is 9.18 × 10 −6 m 2 /s (298 K, 101.325 kPa). [citation needed] Ether is sensitive to light and air, tending to form explosive peroxides. [19] Ether peroxides have a higher boiling point than ether and are contact explosives when dry. [19]
The general structure of a silyl enol ether. In organosilicon chemistry, silyl enol ethers are a class of organic compounds that share the common functional group R 3 Si−O−CR=CR 2, composed of an enolate (R 3 C−O−R) bonded to a silane (SiR 4) through its oxygen end and an ethene group (R 2 C=CR 2) as its carbon end.
The first number in a crown ether's name refers to the number of atoms in the cycle, and the second number refers to the number of those atoms that are oxygen. Crown ethers are much broader than the oligomers of ethylene oxide; an important group are derived from catechol. Crown ethers strongly bind certain cations, forming complexes. The ...
In chemistry, a phenol ether (or aromatic ether) is an organic compound derived from phenol (C 6 H 5 OH), where the hydroxyl (-OH) group is substituted with an alkoxy (-OR) group. Usually phenol ethers are synthesized through the condensation of phenol and an organic alcohol ; however, other known reactions regarding the synthesis of ethers can ...
A convenient synthesis of chloromethyl methyl ether in situ involves the reaction of dimethoxymethane and acetyl chloride in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst [5] This route affords a methyl acetate solution of chloromethyl methyl ether of high purity. A similar method, using a high-boiling acyl chloride, can be used to prepare pure ...