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Gram-negative: Third-generation cephalosporins have a broad spectrum of activity and further increased activity against gram-negative organisms. They may be particularly useful in treating hospital-acquired infections , although increasing levels of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases are reducing the clinical utility of this class of antibiotics.
Cefalexin, also spelled cephalexin, is an antibiotic that can treat a number of bacterial infections. [4] It kills gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria by disrupting the growth of the bacterial cell wall. [4] Cefalexin is a β-lactam antibiotic within the class of first-generation cephalosporins. [4]
Keflex: Cephalosporins (Second generation) Cefaclor: Distaclor, Ceclor, Raniclor: Less Gram-positive cover, improved Gram-negative cover. Gastrointestinal upset and diarrhea; Nausea (if alcohol taken concurrently) - if contains methylthiotetrazole side group; Hypoprothrombinemia - if contains methylthiotetrazole side group; Allergic reactions
The basic structure of 3rd generation cephalosporins. The majority of third generation cephalosporins have the aminothiazole group at position C-7. Different groups are found at the 7-α-position like 7-α-iminohydroxy and 7-α-iminomethoxy groups. Ceftibuten however possesses a 7-α-ethylidene group. This group gives ceftibuten higher ...
Cephalosporins are a subclass of beta-lactam family with broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. [12] They are categorized into five generations. [ 16 ] First and third-generation cephalosporins, like cefalexin and ceftriaxone, are more commonly used in clinical practice. [ 17 ]
The β-lactam core structures. (A) A penam.(B) A carbapenam.(C) An oxapenam.(D) A penem.(E) A carbapenem.(F) A monobactam.(G) A cephem.(H) A carbacephem.(I) An oxacephem. This is a list of common β-lactam antibiotics—both administered drugs and those not in clinical use—organized by structural class.
Cefadroxil is a first-generation cephalosporin antibacterial drug that is the para-hydroxy derivative of cephalexin, and is used similarly in the treatment of mild to moderate susceptible infections such as the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes, causing the disease popularly called strep throat or streptococcal tonsillitis, urinary tract infection, reproductive tract infection, and skin infections.
Cefpodoxime is an oral, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic available in various generic preparations. It is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms with notable exceptions including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus, and Bacteroides fragilis.