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A significant project undertaken by HSPA was to archive Hawaii's sugar company records. Between 1983 and 1994, archivists hired by HSPA received and processed records from dozens of sugar companies and related entities. The archival collection, now called the HSPA Plantation Archives, was donated to the University of Hawaii at Mānoa Library. [3]
The industry was tightly controlled by descendants of missionary families and other businessmen, concentrated in corporations known in Hawaiʻi as "The Big Five". [2] These included Castle & Cooke, Alexander & Baldwin, C. Brewer & Co., H. Hackfeld & Co. (later named American Factors (now Amfac)) and Theo H. Davies & Co., [11] which together eventually gained control over other aspects of the ...
Hawaii is one of the few U.S. states where coffee production is a significant economic industry – coffee is the second largest crop produced there. The 2019–2020 coffee harvest in Hawaii was valued at $102.9 million. [8] As of the 2019-2020 harvest, coffee production in Hawaii accounted for 6,900 acres of land. [9]
During the American Civil War, the demand for Hawaii sugar grew, but Widemann supported the Confederate States. [3]: 180 After leasing Grove Farm to its manager George Norton Wilcox (1839–1933) in November 1864, [4] Widemann moved to Honolulu to work in the capital as a supreme court judge. Wilcox would later buy the plantation, and it ...
Although sugarcane had been raised by ancient Hawaiians on small personal plots, this was the first large-scale commercial production in Hawaii. [5] Joseph Goodrich of the Hilo mission and Samuel Ruggles of the Kona Mission had experimented with using agriculture to support their missions as well as give employment to their students. [6]
The majority of the extraordinary buildings in the community Hanalei of Hawaii were built during the rice era started in the 1860s. This was a farming area where there were mostly flat lands and agriculture was the main industry, there were crops like tobacco, coffee, and sugarcane.
The Hawaiian sugar strike of 1946 was one of the most expensive strikes in history. This strike involved almost all of the plantations in Hawaii, creating a cost of over $15 million in crop and production. This strike would become one of the leading causes for social change throughout the territory.
In 1898, Castle & Cooke, one of Hawaii's Big Five trading and sugar industry management companies, formed the Waialua Agricultural Company and purchased the plantation from the Halstead Brothers. [3] [4] By the end of 1898, a new mill was constructed, and the first crop harvested in 1899, producing 1,741 tons of sugar. [4]