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Preputioplasty or prepuce plasty, also known as limited dorsal slit with transverse closure, is a plastic surgical operation on the prepuce or foreskin of the penis, [1] to widen a narrow non-retractile foreskin which cannot comfortably be drawn back off the head of the penis in erection because of a constriction which has not expanded after adolescence.
Preputioplasty, in which a limited dorsal slit with transverse closure is made along the constricting band of skin, [40] can be an effective alternative to circumcision. [21] It has the advantage of only limited pain and a short healing duration relative to circumcision, while also avoiding cosmetic effects.
One study suggests around 15–20% of men require additional circumcision after a frenuloplasty, because not all symptoms indicating the surgery improved. [3] The British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) estimates this number to be lower at 2–10%. [4]
Other signs and symptoms may stem from underlying conditions which cause testicular atrophy. The most perceptible sign of testicular atrophy is shrinkage of the testicle(s). [11] Signs and symptoms before puberty include: lack of development of pubic hair [11] lack of development of facial hair [11] lack of penis growth [11] lower testosterone [12]
Hypospadias is a common malformation in fetal development of the penis in which the urethra does not open from its usual location on the head of the penis. It is the second-most common birth defect of the male reproductive system, affecting about one of every 250 males at birth, [3] although when including milder cases, is found in up to 4% of newborn males. [4]
As of 2016, the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male defines late-onset hypogonadism as a series of symptoms in older adults related to testosterone deficiency that combines features of both primary and secondary hypogonadism; the European Male Aging Study (a prospective study of ~3000 men) [10] defined the condition by the presence of at least three sexual symptoms (e.g ...
It is estimated that between 15% and 30% of all primary care consultations are for medically unexplained symptoms. [4] A large Canadian community survey revealed that the most common medically unexplained symptoms are musculoskeletal pain, ear, nose, and throat symptoms, abdominal pain and gastrointestinal symptoms, fatigue, and dizziness. [4]
Postorgasmic illness syndrome (POIS) is a syndrome in which human males have chronic physical and cognitive symptoms following ejaculation. [1] The symptoms usually onset within seconds, minutes, or hours, and last for up to a week. [1] The cause and prevalence are unknown; [2] it is considered a rare disease. [3]