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The Sort/Merge utility is a mainframe program to sort records in a file into a specified order, merge pre-sorted files into a sorted file, or copy selected records. Internally, these utilities use one or more of the standard sorting algorithms , often with proprietary fine-tuned code.
Sort/merge is important enough that there are multiple companies each selling their own sort/merge package for IBM mainframes. IBM's original OS/360 sort/merge program, 360S-SM-023, program name IERRCO00 (alias SORT), supported only IBM's first-generation direct-access storage devices (DASD) [ d ] and tapes (2400).
Innovative Routines International (IRI), Inc. is an American software company first known for bringing mainframe sort merge functionality into open systems. [1] IRI was the first vendor to develop a commercial replacement for the Unix sort command, and combine data transformation and reporting in Unix batch processing environments. [2]
A parameter-driven sort-merge program, capable of handling very large volumes of data. Sort parameters could either be read in from the paper-tape reader, for one-off sorts, or "compiled" in (really just stored in the program). There were extensive user "hooks" where user-supplied code could be put in at various stages of the sort/merge process.
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It shared most of the code base [4] and some manuals [5] [6] with IBM's DOS/360. TOS went through 14 releases, and was discontinued [ 7 ] [ failed verification ] when disks such as the IBM 2311 and IBM 2314 became more affordable at the time of System/360, [ 8 ] [ failed verification ] whereas they had been an expensive luxury on the IBM 7090 .
While these systems were similar to other manufacturer's minicomputers, IBM themselves described the System/32, System/34 and System/36 as "small systems" [2] and later as midrange computers along with the System/38 and succeeding IBM AS/400 range. The AS/400 series and IBM Power Systems running IBM i can run System/36 code in the System/36 ...
The B2500/B3500 machines were followed by B2700/B3700/B4700 in 1972; The B2800/B3800/B4800 in 1976, The B2900/B3900/B4900 in 1980 (which was the first of the range to load its microcode from floppy disk, rather than implementing it as hardware read-only memory) and finally the Unisys V Series machines V340-V560 in 1985-90.