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Giant cell arteritis (GCA), also called temporal arteritis, is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of large blood vessels. [ 4 ] [ 7 ] Symptoms may include headache , pain over the temples, flu-like symptoms , double vision , and difficulty opening the mouth. [ 3 ]
Sudden visual loss is the most common symptom in AAION, [1] and is most often accompanied by other symptoms of temporal arteritis: such as jaw claudication, scalp tenderness, unintentional weight loss, fatigue, myalgias and loss of appetite. [1] A related disease called polymyalgia rheumatica has a 15 percent incidence of giant cell arteritis.
AAION is due to temporal arteritis (also called giant-cell arteritis), an inflammatory disease of medium-sized blood vessels (Chapel-Hill-Conference) that occurs especially with advancing age. In contrast, NAION results from the coincidence of cardiovascular risk factors in a patient with "crowded" optic discs.
Giant cell arteritis contains two different types of arteritides that are almost indistinguishable from one another. [2] It includes two types, temporal arteritis and Takayasu arteritis. Both types contain an occupancy of medium- and larger-sized arteries which are categorized based on the infiltration of the giant cells. [2]
The disease's symptoms can range from catastrophic neurological impairment to an asymptomatic condition brought on by impalpable pulses or bruits. [7] Non-specific features include mild anemia, myalgia, arthralgia, weight loss, malaise, night sweats, and fever. [8] Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common type of systemic vasculitis in adults.
This is a list of major and frequently observed neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), symptoms (e.g., back pain), signs (e.g., aphasia) and syndromes (e.g., Aicardi syndrome). There is disagreement over the definitions and criteria used to delineate various disorders and whether some of these conditions should be classified as ...
A-PION is caused by an inflammatory disease called giant cell arteritis (GCA). GCA is an inflammatory disease of blood vessels. It is believed to be an autoimmune disease caused by inappropriate T-cell activity. [4] [17] When T-cells damage arteries supplying the optic nerve, a blood clot forms and stops blood flow. When blood flow stops ...
Main symptoms Primary large vessel vasculitis [8] Takayasu arteritis: Diminished or absent pulses, vascular bruits, hypertension, Takayasu retinopathy, and aortic regurgitation. [9] Giant cell arteritis: Headache, scalp tenderness, jaw claudication, and blindness. [10] Primary medium vessel vasculitis [8] Polyarteritis nodosa