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Mariner 1, built to conduct the first American planetary flyby of Venus, was the first spacecraft of NASA's interplanetary Mariner program.Developed by Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and originally planned to be a purpose-built probe launched summer 1962, Mariner 1's design was changed when the Centaur proved unavailable at that early date.
Launch of Mariner 1 in 1962. The Mariner program was conducted by the American space agency NASA to explore other planets.Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) designed and built 10 robotic interplanetary probes named Mariner to explore the inner Solar System – visiting the planets Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for ...
Mariner 1 (P-37) 22 July 1962: NASA United States: Flyby Launch failure Failed to orbit Earth; destroyed by range safety following guidance failure [10] Atlas-LV3 Agena-B: 2MV-1 No.1: 25 August 1962: OKB-1 Soviet Union: Lander Launch failure Premature upper stage cutoff due to ullage motor malfunction; never left LEO [10] Molniya: Mariner 2 (P ...
Mariner 1 and Mariner 2 were twins, launched on July 22 and August 27, 1962, to fly by the planet Venus. The first two craft used the same spacecraft bus as the Block I Rangers, each weighing 446 pounds (202 kg) and instrumented to perform radiometric temperature measurements of the planet, and to measure interplanetary magnetic fields and ...
A 41 Sqn RAAF Mariner in 1944 A 524 Sqn RAF Mariner I at Oban, Scotland (UK), in October 1943. A U.S. Coast Guard PBM takes off from the water assisted by RATO. Martin PBM Mariner in US service in 1942 Argentina. Argentine Navy purchased nine PBMs during the 1950s for the Argentine Naval Aviation, retiring its last Mariner in May 1962. [27 ...
A hybrid of Mariner A and JPL's Block 1 Ranger lunar explorer, already under development, was suggested. NASA accepted the proposal, and JPL began an 11-month crash program to develop "Mariner R" (so named because it was a Ranger derivative). Mariner 1 would be the first Mariner R to be launched followed by Mariner 2. [16]
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Reprocessed Mariner 10 data was used to produce this image of Mercury. The smooth band is an area of which no images were taken. Mariner 10 was an American robotic space probe launched by NASA on 3 November 1973, to fly by the planets Mercury and Venus. It was the first spacecraft to perform flybys of multiple planets. [3]