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The merit system is the process of promoting and hiring government employees based on their ability to perform a job. A common conception of the federal government's merit system principles is that they are designed to ensure fair and open recruitment and competition and employment practices free of political influence or other non-merit factors.
In the United States, the rank of Under Secretary denotes a high-level civilian official within the United States federal government.An official of sub-Cabinet rank, Under Secretaries are appointed by the President of the United States with the consent of the United States Senate and are assigned to assist a specific Cabinet Secretary.
The Presidential Appointment Efficiency and Streamlining Act of 2011 (Pub. L. 112–166 (text)), signed into law on August 10, 2012, eliminates the requirement of Senate approval for 163 positions, allowing the president alone to appoint persons to these positions: [7] Parts of the act went into effect immediately, while other parts took effect ...
United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions (more commonly referred to as the Plum Book) is a book that lists positions in the United States government that are subject to political appointment.
1.2 Levels of government. 1.3 Elections. ... 6 Positions in American politics. ... Sixth Party System; Notable events
In the early 19th century, positions in the federal government were held at the pleasure of the president—a person could be fired at any time. The spoils system meant that jobs were used to support the American political parties, though this was gradually changed by the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883 and subsequent laws. By 1909 ...
The United States federal executive departments are the principal units of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States.They are analogous to ministries common in parliamentary or semi-presidential systems but (the United States being a presidential system) they are led by a head of government who is also the head of state.
C. Cabinet secretary; Certified Public Manager; Chamberlain (office) Chief Agricultural Negotiator; Chief architect (Sri Lanka) Chief experimental officer