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The phase diagram shows, in pressure–temperature space, the lines of equilibrium or phase boundaries between the three phases of solid, liquid, and gas. The curves on the phase diagram show the points where the free energy (and other derived properties) becomes non-analytic: their derivatives with respect to the coordinates (temperature and ...
This diagram shows the nomenclature for the different phase transitions. In physics, chemistry, and other related fields like biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another.
[4] [5] [6] The CALPHAD approach is based on the fact that a phase diagram is a manifestation of the equilibrium thermodynamic properties of the system, which are the sum of the properties of the individual phases. [7] It is thus possible to calculate a phase diagram by first assessing the thermodynamic properties of all the phases in a system.
The number and type of phases that will form is hard to predict and is usually determined by experiment. The results of such experiments can be plotted in phase diagrams. The phase diagram shown here is for a single component system. In this simple system, phases that are possible, depend only on pressure and temperature. The markings show ...
The three diagrams are constructed from the P–alpha diagram by using appropriate coordinate transformations. Not a thermodynamic diagram in a strict sense, since it does not display the energy–area equivalence, is the Stüve diagram; But due to its simpler construction it is preferred in education. [citation needed]
A plot of typical polymer solution phase behavior including two critical points: a LCST and an UCST. The liquid–liquid critical point of a solution, which occurs at the critical solution temperature, occurs at the limit of the two-phase region of the phase diagram. In other words, it is the point at which an infinitesimal change in some ...
Because the net variation in state properties during a thermodynamic cycle is zero, it forms a closed loop on a P-V diagram. A P-V diagram's abscissa, Y axis, shows pressure (P) and ordinate, X axis, shows volume (V). The area enclosed by the loop is the net work done by the processes, i.e. the cycle:
The discontinuity in , and other properties, e.g. internal energy, , and entropy,, of the substance, is called a first order phase transition. [12] [13] In order to specify the unique experimentally observed pressure, (), at which it occurs another thermodynamic condition is required, for from Fig.1 it could clearly occur for any pressure in the range .