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Below are lists of extant fern families and subfamilies using the classification scheme proposed by the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group in 2016 (PPG I). [1] The scheme is based on molecular phylogenetic studies, and also draws on earlier classifications, [1] particularly those by Smith et al. (2006), [2] Chase and Reveal (2009), [3] and Christenhusz et al. (2011). [4]
Matoniaceae is one of the three families of ferns in the Gleicheniales order of the Polypodiopsida class. [1] [2] Fossil records reveal that Matoniaceae ferns were abundant during the Mesozoic era (about 250-million to 66-million years ago), during which they lived on every continent, including Antarctica, with eight genera and 26 species, with the oldest known specimens being from the Middle ...
Osmundaceae (royal fern family) is a family of ferns containing four to six extant genera and 18–25 known species. It is the only living family of the order Osmundales in the class Polypodiopsida or in some classifications the only order in the class Osmundopsida.
PPG I uses 18 lycopod and 319 fern genera. [1] The earlier system put forward by Smith et al. (2006) had suggested a range of 274 to 312 genera for ferns alone. [2] By contrast, the system of Christenhusz and Chase (2014) used 5 lycopod and about 212 fern genera. [3] The number of fern genera was further reduced to 207 in a subsequent ...
Extant ferns are herbaceous perennials and most lack woody growth. [5] When woody growth is present, it is found in the stem. [6] Their foliage may be deciduous or evergreen, [7] and some are semi-evergreen depending on the climate. [8] Like the sporophytes of seed plants, those of ferns consist of stems, leaves and roots.
The forked ferns are the family Gleicheniaceae, which includes six genera and about 160 known species. [1] The formerly independent families Dicranopteridaceae and Stromatopteridaceae are generally included in the Gleicheniaceae, whereas the Dipteridaceae and Matoniaceae , although closely related, are considered separate families by most authors.
Under the latter the subclass is one of four subclasses of Polypodiopsida (ferns) and contains two orders, two families, 12 genera, and an estimated 129 species. [1] The relationships between the two orders, Psilotales and Ophioglossales, has long been unclear and was only confirmed by molecular systematic studies.
The Hymenophyllaceae, the filmy ferns and bristle ferns, are a family of two to nine genera (depending on classification system) and about 650 known species [1] of ferns, with a subcosmopolitan distribution, but generally restricted to very damp places or to locations where they are wetted by spray from waterfalls or springs.