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Apple scab is a common disease of plants in the rose family that is caused by the ascomycete fungus Venturia inaequalis. [1] While this disease affects several plant genera, including Sorbus, Cotoneaster, and Pyrus, it is most commonly associated with the infection of Malus trees, including species of flowering crabapple, as well as cultivated apple.
This cycle of secondary infections continues throughout the summer, until the leaves and fruit fall from the tree at the onset of winter. V. inaequalis overwinters mostly as immature perithecia, where sexual reproduction takes place, producing a new generation of ascospores that are released the following spring. Scab lesions located on the ...
36 species and 4 hybrids are accepted. [2] The genus Malus is subdivided into eight sections (six, with two added in 2006 and 2008). [citation needed] The oldest fossils of the genus date to the Eocene (), which are leaves belonging to the species Malus collardii and Malus kingiensis from western North America (Idaho) and the Russian Far East (), respectively.
Symptoms can overlap across causal agents, however differing signs and symptoms of certain pathogens can lead to the diagnosis of the type of leaf spot disease. Prolonged wet and humid conditions promote leaf spot disease and most pathogens are spread by wind, splashing rain or irrigation that carry the disease to other leaves. [2]
Viral diseases; Apple chlorotic leafspot genus Trichovirus, Apple chlorotic leafspot virus (ACLSV) Apple dwarf (Malus platycarpa) Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) (? not US/CAN) Apple flat apple genus Nepovirus, Cherry rasp leaf virus (CRLV) Apple mosaic genus Ilarvirus, Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) genus Ilarvirus, Tulare apple mosaic virus (TAMV)
The disease spreads most quickly during hot, wet weather and is dormant in the winter when temperatures drop. [citation needed] The pathogen spreads through the tree from the point of infection via the plant's vascular system, eventually reaching the roots and/or graft junction of the plant. Once the plant's roots are affected, the death of the ...
Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae is a plant pathogen that causes cedar-apple rust. [1] In virtually any location where apples or crabapples and eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) coexist, cedar apple rust can be a destructive or disfiguring disease on both the apples and cedars.
Malus transitoria, the cut-leaf crabapple, is a species of flowering plant in the crabapple genus, ... The name "cut-leaf" refers to the shape of the leaves. [3]