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  2. Goitre - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goitre

    A goitre, or goiter, is a swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A goitre can be associated with a thyroid that is not functioning properly. Worldwide, over 90% of goitre cases are caused by iodine deficiency . [ 3 ]

  3. Congenital iodine deficiency syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_iodine...

    Iodine deficiency causes gradual enlargement of the thyroid gland, referred to as a goiter. Poor length growth is apparent as early as the first year of life. Adult stature without treatment ranges from 100 to 160 cm (3 ft 3 in to 5 ft 3 in), depending on severity, sex, and other genetic factors.

  4. Thyroid disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_disease

    Goiter is the general enlargement of the thyroid that can be associated with many thyroid diseases. The main reason this happens is because of increased signaling to the thyroid by way of TSH receptors to try to make it produce more thyroid hormone. [9] This causes increased vascularity and increase in size (hypertrophy) of the gland. [9]

  5. Graves' disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graves'_disease

    Graves' disease, also known as toxic diffuse goiter or Basedow’s disease, is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid. [1] It frequently results in and is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. [5] It also often results in an enlarged thyroid. [1]

  6. Hypothyroidism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyroidism

    Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of primary hypothyroidism and endemic goiter worldwide. [8] [9] In areas of the world with sufficient dietary iodine, hypothyroidism is most commonly caused by the autoimmune disease Hashimoto's thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis). [8] [9] Hashimoto's may be

  7. Iodine deficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodine_deficiency

    Before 1950 goiter was a widespread disease caused by iodine deficiency. [40] Up to 80 percent of the population were affected in inland areas. In the coastal communities, saltwater fish were an important part of the diet, and because of the presence of iodine in seawater, goiter was less common than in the inland districts.

  8. Thyroid dyshormonogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_dyshormonogenesis

    2 Cause. 3 Diagnosis. Toggle Diagnosis subsection. 3.1 Types. 4 Treatment. ... Dyshormogenetic goiter: Thyroid dyshormonogenesis is inherited in an autosomal ...

  9. Toxic multinodular goitre - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_multinodular_goitre

    Toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG), also known as multinodular toxic goiter (MNTG), is an active multinodular goiter associated with hyperthyroidism.. It is a common cause of hyperthyroidism [2] [3] in which there is excess production of thyroid hormones from functionally autonomous thyroid nodules, which do not require stimulation from thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).