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IL-6 signals through a cell-surface type I cytokine receptor complex consisting of the ligand-binding IL-6Rα chain , and the signal-transducing component gp130 (also called CD130). CD130 is the common signal transducer for several cytokines including leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), ciliary neurotropic factor , oncostatin M , IL-11 and ...
Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is a cytokine that possesses a variety of biological functions, including stimulation and maintenance of cellular immune responses. [42] IL-15 stimulates the proliferation of T lymphocytes, which requires interaction of IL-15 with IL-15R alpha and components of IL-2R, including IL-2R beta and IL-2R gamma (common gamma ...
An inflammatory cytokine is a type of cytokine (a signaling molecule) that is secreted from immune cells and certain other cell types that promotes inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines are predominantly produced by T helper cells ( T h ) and macrophages and involved in the upregulation of inflammatory reactions. [ 1 ]
Cytokine factories are cell-generated cytokines that can locally deliver a cytokine of interest, offering spatial and temporal control of dosing. [3] The homing capacity and tumor tropism capabilities of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) make them ideal drug delivery vehicles.
The main function of nRTKs is their involvement in signal transduction in activated T-and B-cells in the immune system. [1] Signaling by many receptors is dependent on nRTKs including T-cell receptors ( TCR ), B-cell receptors ( BCR ), IL-2 receptors ( IL-2R ), Ig receptors, erythropoietin ( EpoR ) and prolactin receptors .
Chemokines (from Ancient Greek χῠμείᾱ (khumeíā) 'alchemy' and κῑ́νησῐς (kī́nēsis) 'movement'), or chemotactic cytokines, are a family of small cytokines or signaling proteins secreted by cells that induce directional movement of leukocytes, as well as other cell types, including endothelial and epithelial cells.
Since cytokines are substances produced by immune cells that can alter the activity of neighbouring cells, the effects of JAK-STAT signalling are often more highly seen in cells of the immune system. For example, JAK3 activation in response to IL-2 is vital for lymphocyte development and function. [21] Also, one study indicates that JAK1 is ...
They are protein mediators typically produced by T cells to direct the immune system response by signaling between its cells. Lymphokines have many roles, including the attraction of other immune cells, including macrophages and other lymphocytes, to an infected site and their subsequent activation to prepare them to mount an immune response.