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2D computer graphics is the computer-based generation of ... These components can be modified and manipulated by two-dimensional geometric transformations such as ...
Comparison of the effects of applying 2D affine and perspective transformation matrices on a unit square. Another type of transformation, of importance in 3D computer graphics, is the perspective projection. Whereas parallel projections are used to project points onto the image plane along parallel lines, the perspective projection projects ...
The transformations can be applied with a shear matrix or transvection, an elementary matrix that represents the addition of a multiple of one row or column to another. Such a matrix may be derived by taking the identity matrix and replacing one of the zero elements with a non-zero value.
Let X be an affine space over a field k, and V be its associated vector space. An affine transformation is a bijection f from X onto itself that is an affine map; this means that a linear map g from V to V is well defined by the equation () = (); here, as usual, the subtraction of two points denotes the free vector from the second point to the first one, and "well-defined" means that ...
Formulas involving homogeneous coordinates are often simpler and more symmetric than their Cartesian counterparts. Homogeneous coordinates have a range of applications, including computer graphics and 3D computer vision, where they allow affine transformations and, in general, projective transformations to be easily represented by a matrix.
Increasingly it is created by means of 3D computer graphics, though 2D computer graphics are still widely used for stylistic, low bandwidth, and faster real-time rendering needs. Sometimes the target of the animation is the computer itself, but sometimes the target is another medium, such as film.
A graphics pipeline taking 3D models and producing a 2D bitmap image result. 3D paint tool A 3D graphics application for digital painting of multiple texture map image channels directly onto a rotated 3D model , such as zbrush or mudbox , also sometimes able to modify vertex attributes.
Vector graphics consists of geometrical primitives.. In vector computer graphics, CAD systems, and geographic information systems, geometric primitive (or prim) is the simplest (i.e. 'atomic' or irreducible) geometric shape that the system can handle (draw, store).