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The Gero Cross. The Gero Cross or Gero Crucifix (German: Gero-Kreuz), of around 965–970, is the oldest large sculpture of the crucified Christ north of the Alps, and has always been displayed in Cologne Cathedral in Germany. It was commissioned by Gero, Archbishop of Cologne, who died in 976, thus providing a terminus ante quem for the work
Gero (c. 900 – 29 June 976) was Archbishop of Cologne from 969 until his death. Tomb of Archbishop Gero at the Cologne Cathedral (centre, next to the wooden kneelers) Gero originated from Saxony , probably a son of the Billung count Christian (d. 950), who ruled in the Eastphalian Nordthüringgau and Schwabengau as well as over the adjacent ...
Thietmar's statement that the Gero Cross in Cologne cathedral was commissioned by Archbishop Gero, who died in 976, was dismissed by art historians, who thought he meant another cross, until the 1920s, and finally confirmed as correct in 1976 by dendrochronology.
Near the sacristy is the Gero Crucifix, [65] a large crucifix carved in oak and with traces of paint and gilding. Believed to have been commissioned around 960 for Archbishop Gero, it is the oldest large crucifix north of the Alps and the earliest-known large free-standing Northern sculpture of the medieval period. [66] [page needed]
Gero 969–976; Warin 976–984; Ebergar 984–999; Heribert 999–1021; Pilgrim 1021–1036; Hermann II 1036–1056; Anno II 1056–1075; Hildholf 1076–1078; Sigwin 1078–1089; Hermann III 1089–1099; Friedrich I 1100–1131; Saint Engelbert II of Berg, Archbishop of Cologne. Bruno II von Berg 1131–1137; Hugo von Sponheim 1137; Arnold I ...
The best-known surviving large sculptural work of Proto-Romanesque Europe is the life-size wooden Crucifix commissioned by Archbishop Gero of Cologne in about 960–965, apparently the prototype of what became a popular form.
The S-shaped position of Jesus' body on the cross is a Byzantine innovation of the late 10th century, [13] though also found in the German Gero Cross of the same date. Probably more from Byzantine influence, it spread elsewhere in the West, especially to Italy , by the Romanesque period, though it was more usual in painting than sculpted ...
Santa Croce Crucifix, 448 cm × 390 cm (176.4 in × 153.5 in), by Cimabue, Florence, 1287–1288. The earliest Western images of a dead Christ may be in the Utrecht Psalter, probably before 835. [28] Other early Western examples include the Gero Cross and the reverse of the Cross of Lothair, both from the end