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Terrestrial fungi play critical roles in nutrient cycling and food webs and can shape macroorganism communities as parasites and mutualists. Although estimates for the number of fungal species on the planet range from 1.5 to over 5 million, likely fewer than 10% of fungi have been identified so far.
Brooklynella hostilis is a parasite of marine fish, found in wild fish, farmed fish and aquariums. [1] It is kidney-bean shaped, and approximately 60–80 μm (0.0024–0.0031 in) long, [1] with bands of cilia. [2]
The study of reproduction and development in organisms was carried out by many botanists and zoologists.. Wilhelm Hofmeister demonstrated that alternation of generations is a feature that unites plants, and published this result in 1851 (see plant sexuality).
The mushroom has a broad, fan or oyster-shaped cap spanning 2–30 centimetres (3 ⁄ 4 – 11 + 3 ⁄ 4 inches); [3] natural specimens range from white to gray or tan to dark-brown; the margin is inrolled when young, and is smooth and often somewhat lobed or wavy.
Blastomyces dermatitidis is the causal agent of blastomycosis, a potentially very serious disease that typically begins with a characteristically subtle pneumonia-like infection that may progress, after 1–6 months, to a disseminated phase that causes lesions to form in capillary beds throughout the body, most notably the skin, internal organs, central nervous system and bone marrow.
The cap is 1–4 centimetres (1 ⁄ 2 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) in diameter and convex to depressed in shape. It is pale tan to dark brown and has dry scales. The outer area of the cap (margin) has fine hairs.
Rhizopus oryzae is a filamentous heterothallic microfungus that occurs as a saprotroph in soil, dung, and rotting vegetation. This species is very similar to Rhizopus stolonifer, but it can be distinguished by its smaller sporangia and air-dispersed sporangiospores.
Shimeji mushrooms contain minerals like potassium and phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, and copper. Shimeji mushrooms lower the cholesterol level of the body. [13] This mushroom is rich in glycoprotein (HM-3A), marmorin, beta-(1-3)-glucan, hypsiziprenol, and hypsin therefore is a potential natural anticancer agent.