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Amoeba proteus extending lobose pseudopodia. A pseudopod or pseudopodium (pl.: pseudopods or pseudopodia) is a temporary arm-like projection of a eukaryotic cell membrane that is emerged in the direction of movement. Filled with cytoplasm, pseudopodia primarily consist of actin filaments and may also contain microtubules and intermediate filaments.
Inside the amoeba, there are proteins that can be activated to convert the gel into the more liquid sol state. Cytoplasm consist largely of actin and actin is regulated by actin-binding protein . Actin binding proteins are in turn regulated by calcium ions; hence, calcium ions are very important in the sol-gel conversion process.
Clockwise from top right: Amoeba proteus, Actinophrys sol, Acanthamoeba sp., Nuclearia thermophila., Euglypha acanthophora, neutrophil ingesting bacteria. An amoeba (/ ə ˈ m iː b ə /; less commonly spelled ameba or amœba; pl.: amoebas (less commonly, amebas) or amoebae (amebae) / ə ˈ m iː b i /), [1] often called an amoeboid, is a type of cell or unicellular organism with the ability ...
In some cases the cell moves by "walking", with relatively permanent pseudopodia serving as limbs. The most important genera are Amoeba and Chaos, which are set apart from the others by longitudinal ridges. The best known of the species in this family is Amoeba proteus, commonly used in classrooms to demonstrate movement by pseudopodia.
Amoeba proteus is a large species of amoeba closely related to another genus of giant amoebae, Chaos. As such, the species is sometimes given the alternative scientific name Chaos diffluens. [1] [2] Amoeba proteus in locomotion. This protozoan uses extensions called pseudopodia to move and to eat smaller unicellular organisms.
An amebocyte or amoebocyte (/ ə ˈ m iː b ə s aɪ t /) is a motile cell (moving like an amoeba) in the bodies of invertebrates including cnidaria, echinoderms, molluscs, tunicates, sponges, and some chelicerates. Moving by pseudopodia, amebocytes can manifest as blood cells or play a similar biological role.
These pseudopodia can be as long as three times the diameter of the cell body and may be branched or unbranched. [6] The pseudopodia may accumulate in the direction in which the organism moves. [3] Shorter, slow moving, pin-like pseudopodia are projected and withdrawn very quickly from the cell body in addition to having longer pseudopodia.
During digestive cyst formation, the trophozoite retracts its pseudopodia and secretes a cell wall. The digestive cysts have two cyst envelopes, where the inner is stronger than the outer. [ 4 ] Unlike other vampyrellid amoebae, Vampyrella lateritia retains its separate food vacuoles throughout the entire digestive phase. [ 1 ]