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Tetryzoline is an alpha agonist for the alpha-1 receptor. [11] This action relieves the redness of the eye caused by minor ocular irritants. Moreover, to treat allergic conjunctivitis , tetryzoline can be combined in a solution with antazoline .
Alpha-adrenergic agonists are a class of sympathomimetic agents that selectively stimulates alpha adrenergic receptors. The alpha-adrenergic receptor has two subclasses α 1 and α 2. Alpha 2 receptors are associated with sympatholytic properties. Alpha-adrenergic agonists have the opposite function of alpha blockers.
Naphazoline is a medicine used as a decongestant, and a vasoconstrictor added to eye drops to relieve red eye. It has a rapid action in reducing swelling when applied to mucous membranes . It is a sympathomimetic agent with marked alpha adrenergic activity that acts on alpha-receptors in the arterioles of the conjunctiva to produce constriction ...
The α 1-adrenergic receptor has several general functions in common with the α 2-adrenergic receptor, but also has specific effects of its own. α 1-receptors primarily mediate smooth muscle contraction, but have important functions elsewhere as well. [3]
It is used as eye drops or applied to the skin. [4] [5] It is also available in the fixed-dose combination medication brimonidine/timolol along with timolol maleate. [6] Common side effects when used in the eyes include itchiness, redness, and a dry mouth. [4] Common side effects when used on the skin include redness, burning, and headaches. [5]
Side effects of dipivefrine include local eye reactions among others. Dipivefrine is a prodrug of epinephrine (adrenaline) and hence acts as a non-selective adrenergic receptor agonist . [ 5 ] It is a substituted phenethylamine and catecholamine and is an ester of epinephrine with much greater fat solubility .