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When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. This means that the author's last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, like, for example, (Jones, 1998).
This guide is designed to help you create APA style parenthetical citations and narrative citations. You’ll learn the difference between APA parenthetical citations and narrative citations, as well as the correct way to make them within the text.
In-text citations have two formats: parenthetical and narrative. In parenthetical citations, the author name and publication date appear in parentheses. In narrative citations, the author name is incorporated into the text as part of the sentence and the year follows in parentheses.
Parenthetical citations in APA. APA in-text citations are described as author-date citations. This means that parenthetical citations should contain the author’s last name, the publication date, and, if applicable, a page number or page range. These elements should be separated by commas.
Use the author–date citation system to cite references in the text in APA Style. In this system, each work used in a paper has two parts: an in-text citation and a corresponding reference list entry. In-text citations may be parenthetical or narrative. In parenthetical citations, use an ampersand (&) between names for a work with two authors ...
Parenthetical vs. narrative citations. The in-text citation can be placed in parentheses or naturally integrated into a sentence. Parenthetical: There is a correlation between social media usage and anxiety symptoms in teenagers (Parker, 2019).
If paraphrasing two authors, list the last names of both authors connected with "&" followed by a comma and the year of publication. (Author's last name & Second author's last name, year) Example. Citations are academically honest (Smith & Jones, 2019).
In-text citations, or parenthetical citations, are those that are inside the running text, or narrative of your text, and act as pointers to the more complete reference list at the end of the paper.
The APA manual recommends the use of the author-date citation structure for in-text citation references. This structure requires that any in-text citation (i.e., within the body of the text) be accompanied by a corresponding reference list entry. In the in-text citation provide the surname of the author but do not include suffixes such as "Jr.".
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