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  2. Periodic points of complex quadratic mappings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_points_of_complex...

    Periodic points of f(z) = z*z−0.75 for period =6 as intersections of 2 implicit curves. The degree of the equation () = is 2 n; thus for example, to find the points on a 3-cycle we would need to solve an equation of degree 8. After factoring out the factors giving the two fixed points, we would have a sixth degree equation.

  3. Fixed-point computation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed-point_computation

    Therefore, any root-finding algorithm (an algorithm that computes an approximate root of a function) can be used to find an approximate fixed-point. The opposite is not true: finding an approximate root of a general function may be harder than finding an approximate fixed point. In particular, Sikorski [20] proved that finding an ε-root ...

  4. Fixed-point iteration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed-point_iteration

    In numerical analysis, fixed-point iteration is a method of computing fixed points of a function.. More specifically, given a function defined on the real numbers with real values and given a point in the domain of , the fixed-point iteration is + = (), =,,, … which gives rise to the sequence,,, … of iterated function applications , (), (()), … which is hoped to converge to a point .

  5. Wolfe conditions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfe_conditions

    Each step often involves approximately solving the subproblem (+) where is the current best guess, is a search direction, and is the step length. The inexact line searches provide an efficient way of computing an acceptable step length α {\displaystyle \alpha } that reduces the objective function 'sufficiently', rather than minimizing the ...

  6. Knee of a curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knee_of_a_curve

    Photovoltaic solar cell I-V curves where a line intersects the knee of the curves where the maximum power transfer point is located. In mathematics , a knee of a curve (or elbow of a curve ) is a point where the curve visibly bends, specifically from high slope to low slope (flat or close to flat), or in the other direction.

  7. Fixed point (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed_point_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, a fixed point (sometimes shortened to fixpoint), also known as an invariant point, is a value that does not change under a given transformation. Specifically, for functions, a fixed point is an element that is mapped to itself by the function. Any set of fixed points of a transformation is also an invariant set.

  8. Counting points on elliptic curves - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counting_points_on...

    An important aspect in the study of elliptic curves is devising effective ways of counting points on the curve.There have been several approaches to do so, and the algorithms devised have proved to be useful tools in the study of various fields such as number theory, and more recently in cryptography and Digital Signature Authentication (See elliptic curve cryptography and elliptic curve DSA).

  9. Calculus of variations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus_of_Variations

    Finding the extrema of functionals is similar to finding the maxima and minima of functions. The maxima and minima of a function may be located by finding the points where its derivative vanishes (i.e., is equal to zero). The extrema of functionals may be obtained by finding functions for which the functional derivative is equal to