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Umberto Eco's The Aesthetics of Thomas Aquinas identifies the three main characteristics of beauty in Aquinas's philosophy: integritas sive perfectio (integrity or perfection), consonantia sive debita proportio (consonance or proportion), and claritas sive splendor formae (brightness or form). While Aristotle likewise identifies the first two ...
Aristotle's work on aesthetics consists of the Poetics, Politics (Bk VIII), and Rhetoric. [8] The Poetics was lost to the Western world for a long time. The text was restored to the West in the Middle Ages and early Renaissance only through a Latin translation of an Arabic version written by Averroes. [9]
However, Greek and Roman philosophers such as Aristotle [8] and Plato [9] engaged in the rhetorical debate of aesthetic perception and properties as a separate branch of philosophy in defining the parameters of art and beauty. [7] Ancient aesthetics shows the origin of aesthetic debate and influences modern aesthetic definitions. [4]
Aristotle and his school wrote tractates on physics, biology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theatre, music, rhetoric, psychology, linguistics, economics, politics, and government. Any school of thought that takes one of Aristotle's distinctive positions as its starting point can be considered "Aristotelian" in the widest sense.
Aesthetics examines the philosophy of aesthetic value, which is determined by critical judgments of artistic taste; [2] thus, the function of aesthetics is the "critical reflection on art, culture and nature". [3] [4] Aesthetics studies natural and artificial sources of experiences and how people form a judgment about those sources of experience.
Specifically, the aesthetics activity, which involved the use of imagination, was what other mental activities such as action or logical thought, were founded. [9] In Croce's Preface to the 1902 edition of Aesthetics he states that aesthetics is essential and a study prior to metaphysics. [9]
Hegel's Aesthetics is regarded by many as one of the greatest aesthetic theories to have been produced since Aristotle. [7] Hegel's thesis about the historical dissolution of art has been the subject of much scholarly debate and influenced such thinkers like Theodor W. Adorno, Martin Heidegger, György Lukács, Jacques Derrida and Arthur Danto.
Medieval aesthetics refers to the general philosophy of beauty during the Medieval period.Although Aesthetics did not exist as a field of study during the Middle Ages, influential thinkers active during the period did discuss the nature of beauty and thus an understanding of medieval aesthetics can be obtained from their writings.