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Childhood cataracts are the primary cause of childhood blindness. [4] Childhood cataracts make up 7.4% to 15.3% of blindness in kids. [4] The prevalence of childhood cataracts ranges from 0.63/10,000 to 9.74/10,000 children, with a median of 1.71. [6] This is dependent on factors like economic status but not gender or laterality. [6]
Surgical options if the cataracts are bilateral and the vision is compromised include removing the affected lens of the eye and correcting the vision as early as possible so that the infants eyes can develop normally with visual stimuli. Some congenital cataracts are too small to affect vision, therefore no surgery or treatment will be done.
A cataract is a cloudy area in the lens of the eye that leads to a decrease in vision of the eye. [1] [7] Cataracts often develop slowly and can affect one or both eyes. [1] Symptoms may include faded colours, blurry or double vision, halos around light, trouble with bright lights, and difficulty seeing at night. [1]
Congenital cataract is a lens transparency disorder that occurs at birth or soon after. It is a leading cause of treatable vision loss or visual impairment in children. [2] A cataract is a clouding of the eye's lens. and is caused by a disruption in the normal structure or function of the lens protein, resulting in opacity.
Infants with congenital cataracts are more likely to have post-operative inflammation problems, [28] and their eyes grow rapidly and unpredictably, making it challenging to select and fit a posterior chamber IOL in infants younger than seven months that will give satisfactory results later in childhood. A second surgery may be required later.
Access to cataract surgery is very variable by country and region. Even in developed countries availability may vary significantly between rural and more densely populated areas. Cataract surgery is the removal of the natural lens of the eye that has developed a cataract, an opaque or cloudy area. [1]
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A cataract is an opacity that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye. [9] The word cataract literally means, "curtain of water" or "waterfall" as rapidly running water turns white, so the term may have been used metaphorically to describe the similar appearance between mature ocular opacities and water fall.