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48,XXYY syndrome is a condition related to the X and Y chromosomes (the sex chromosomes). People normally have 46 chromosomes in each cell.Two of the 46 chromosomes, known as X and Y, are called sex chromosomes because they help determine whether a person will develop male or female sex characteristics.
Klinefelter syndrome is not an inherited condition. The extra X chromosome comes from the mother in approximately 50% of the cases. Maternal age is the only known risk factor. Women at 40 years have a four-times-higher risk of a child with Klinefelter syndrome than women aged 24 years. [14] [34] [35]
XYY syndrome, also known as Jacobs syndrome, is an aneuploid genetic condition in which a male has an extra Y chromosome. [1] There are usually few symptoms. [2] These may include being taller than average and an increased risk of learning disabilities. [1] [2] The person is generally otherwise normal, including typical rates of fertility. [1]
Nondisjunction is related to advanced maternal age, and trisomy X specifically appears to have a small but significant maternal age effect. [3] In a cohort of women with trisomy X born in the 1960s, the average maternal age was 33. [5] The risk of women with full trisomy X having chromosomally abnormal children is low, likely below 1%.
XXXY syndrome is therefore often referred to as 48,XXXY. There is a wide variety of symptoms associated with this syndrome, including cognitive and behavioral problems, taurodontism, and infertility. [2] [3] This syndrome is usually inherited via a new mutation in one of the parents' gametes, as those affected by it are usually infertile. It is ...
XYYY syndrome, also known as 48,XYYY, is a chromosomal disorder in which a male has two extra copies of the Y chromosome. The syndrome is exceptionally rare, with only twelve recorded cases. The presentation of the syndrome is heterogeneous, but appears to be more severe than its counterpart XYY syndrome.
XXXYY syndrome, also known as 49,XXXYY, is a chromosomal disorder in which a male has three copies of the X chromosome and two copies of the Y chromosome.XXXYY syndrome is exceptionally rare, with only eight recorded cases.
Additional support for this hypothesis can be illustrated by the higher rates of autoimmune disease in men with Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY). [44] Like women, males with Klinefelter syndrome also have two copies of the X chromosome, which may predispose them to increased risk of autoimmune disease through the same mechanism. [44]