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The cube of a number or any other mathematical expression is denoted by a superscript 3, for example 2 3 = 8 or (x + 1) 3. The cube is also the number multiplied by its square: n 3 = n × n 2 = n × n × n. The cube function is the function x ↦ x 3 (often denoted y = x 3) that maps a number to its cube. It is an odd function, as
The difference between any perfect square and its predecessor is given by the identity n 2 − (n − 1) 2 = 2n − 1.Equivalently, it is possible to count square numbers by adding together the last square, the last square's root, and the current root, that is, n 2 = (n − 1) 2 + (n − 1) + n.
If two numbers (whose average is a number which is easily squared) are multiplied, the difference of two squares can be used to give you the product of the original two numbers. For example: 27 × 33 = ( 30 − 3 ) ( 30 + 3 ) {\displaystyle 27\times 33=(30-3)(30+3)}
Figurate numbers were a concern of the Pythagorean worldview. It was well understood that some numbers could have many figurations, e.g. 36 is a both a square and a triangle and also various rectangles. The modern study of figurate numbers goes back to Pierre de Fermat, specifically the Fermat polygonal number theorem.
A square whose side length is a triangular number can be partitioned into squares and half-squares whose areas add to cubes. This shows that the square of the n th triangular number is equal to the sum of the first n cube numbers. Also, the square of the n th triangular number is the same as the sum of the cubes of the integers 1 to n.
A square whose side length is a triangular number can be partitioned into squares and half-squares whose areas add to cubes. From Gulley (2010).The n th coloured region shows n squares of dimension n by n (the rectangle is 1 evenly divided square), hence the area of the n th region is n times n × n.
In geometry, a hypercube is an n-dimensional analogue of a square (n = 2) and a cube (n = 3); the special case for n = 4 is known as a tesseract.It is a closed, compact, convex figure whose 1-skeleton consists of groups of opposite parallel line segments aligned in each of the space's dimensions, perpendicular to each other and of the same length.
In arithmetic and algebra, the fourth power of a number n is the result of multiplying four instances of n together. So: n 4 = n × n × n × n. Fourth powers are also formed by multiplying a number by its cube. Furthermore, they are squares of squares.