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Marriage in ancient Rome (conubium) was a fundamental institution of society and was used by Romans primarily as a tool for interfamilial alliances. The institution of Roman marriage was a practice of marital monogamy : Roman citizens could have only one spouse at a time in marriage but were allowed to divorce and remarry.
A depiction of two lovers at a wedding. From the Aldobrandini Wedding fresco. The precise customs and traditions of weddings in ancient Rome likely varied heavily across geography, social strata, and time period; Christian authors writing in late antiquity report different customs from earlier authors writing during the Classical period, with some authors condemning practices described by ...
In ancient Rome, confarreatio was a traditional patrician form of marriage. [1] The ceremony involved the bride and bridegroom sharing a cake of emmer, in Latin far or panis farreus, [2] [3] hence the rite's name. (Far is often translated as "spelt", which is inaccurate as the grain used was Triticum dicoccum , not Triticum speltum. [4])
Manus (/ ˈ m eɪ n ə s / MAY-nəs; Latin:) was an Ancient Roman type of marriage, [1] of which there were two forms: cum manu and sine manu. [2] In a cum manu marriage, the wife was placed under the legal control of the husband. [1] [2] In a sine manu marriage, the wife remained under the legal control of her father. [3]
The pater familias could also perform an emancipatio (emancipation) ritual – a process that set the son free, three times in a row – to grant the son his own legal authority, free from the pater familias. [2] A painting of Lucretia, the ideal Roman woman from the Roman tale, The Death of Lucretia.
The marital power derives from Germanic sources of the Roman-Dutch law, from which many features derive from (provincial) Roman law. In the earlier Roman law, a wife moved from the manus (guardianship) of her father to that of the father of her husband, an older brother of her husband or her husband; the "pater familias" or master of all persons and owner of all property in a familia.
The type, functions, and characteristics of marriage vary from culture to culture, and can change over time. In general there are two types: civil marriage and religious marriage, and typically marriages employ a combination of both (religious marriages must often be licensed and recognized by the state, and conversely civil marriages, while not sanctioned under religious law, are nevertheless ...
The Lex Papia et Poppaea, also referred to as the Lex Iulia et Papia, was a Roman law introduced in 9 AD to encourage and strengthen marriage. It included provisions against adultery and against celibacy after a certain age and complemented and supplemented Augustus ' Lex Iulia de maritandis ordinibus of 18 BC and the Lex Iulia de adulteriis ...