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The oldest surviving fragment of a text dates to 1323 CE. [2] The Avesta texts fall into several different categories, arranged either by dialect, or by usage. The principal text in the liturgical group is the Yasna, which takes its name from the Yasna ceremony, Zoroastrianism's primary act of worship, at which the Yasna text is recited
The first was the treatment of "Zend" and "Avesta" as synonyms and the mistaken use of "Zend-Avesta" as the name of Zoroastrian scripture. This mistake derives from a misunderstanding of the distinctions made by priests between manuscripts for scholastic use ("Avesta-with-Zand"), and manuscripts for liturgical use ("clean"). In western ...
The Avesta is the oldest extant primary source of Zoroastrian literature, although the term "Avesta" designates not one text but a group of texts written in the Old Iranian language called Avestan, attested from the 2nd to 1st millennia BC.
Zend-Avesta, part 2/3: Sîrôzahs; Yasts; Nyâyis; 24 Zor 1884: E. W. West: Pahlavi Texts, part 3/5: Dinai Mainög-i khirad; Sikand-Gümanik Vigar; Sad Dar; 25 Hindu 1886: Georg Bühler: The Laws of Manu: with extracts from seven commentaries. 26 Hindu 1885: Julius Eggeling: Satapatha Brahmana, part 2/5 Mâdhyandina Shakha III–IV; 27 China ...
The Zend-Avesta Part 1 The Vendidad: Author: James Darmesteter: Software used: Internet Archive: Conversion program: Recoded by LuraDocument PDF v2.68: Encrypted: no: Page size: 420 x 595 pts: Version of PDF format: 1.5
The ability to correctly render Avestan did, however, have a direct benefit: By the common era, the Avestan language words had almost ceased to be understood, which led to the preparation of the Zend texts (from Avestan zainti "understanding"), commentaries on and translations of the canon. The development of the Avestan alphabet allowed these ...