Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Norbornane (also called bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane). Unsubstituted cycloalkanes that contain a single ring in their molecular structure are typically named by adding the prefix "cyclo" to the name of the corresponding linear alkane with the same number of carbon atoms in its chain as the cycloalkane has in its ring.
Simple cycloalkanes have a prefix "cyclo-" to distinguish them from alkanes. Cycloalkanes are named as per their acyclic counterparts with respect to the number of carbon atoms in their backbones, e.g., cyclopentane (C 5 H 10 ) is a cycloalkane with 5 carbon atoms just like pentane (C 5 H 12 ), but they are joined up in a five-membered ring.
Housane or bicyclo[2.1.0]pentane is a saturated cycloalkane with the formula C 5 H 8. It is a colorless, volatile liquid at room temperature. It was named "housane" because of its shape, which resembles a simple drawing of a house. Structurally, the molecule consists of cyclopropane fused to cyclobutane.
Cycloalkanes, the simplest carbocycles, including cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, and cyclohexane. Note, elsewhere an organic chemistry shorthand is used where hydrogen atoms are inferred as present to fill the carbon's valence of 4 (rather than their being shown explicitly).
Small trans-cycloalkenes have so much ring strain they cannot exist for extended periods of time. [9] For instance, the smallest trans-cycloalkane that has been isolated is trans-cyclooctene. Trans-cycloheptene has been detected via spectrophotometry for minute time periods, and trans-cyclohexene is thought to be an intermediate in some ...
Alicyclic compounds may have one or more aliphatic side chains attached. The simplest alicyclic compounds are the monocyclic cycloalkanes: cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, and so on. Bicyclic alkanes include bicycloundecane, decalin, and housane.
This is because the bond angle for an alkene, C-C=C, is 122°, while the bond angle for an alkane, C-C-C, is 112°. When these carbons form a small ring, the alkene which has a larger bond angle will have to compress more than the alkane causing more bond angle strain. [4] Cycloalkenes have a lower melting point than cycloalkanes of the same size.
The molecule has D 3h molecular symmetry. The C-C distances are 151 pm versus 153-155 pm. [15] [16] Despite their shortness, the C-C bonds in cyclopropane are weakened by 34 kcal/mol vs ordinary C-C bonds. In addition to ring strain, the molecule also has torsional strain due to the eclipsed conformation of its hydrogen atoms. The C-H bonds in ...