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PKCS #8 is one of the family of standards called Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) created by RSA Laboratories. The latest version, 1.2, is available as RFC 5208. [1] The PKCS #8 private key may be encrypted with a passphrase using one of the PKCS #5 standards defined in RFC 2898, [2] which supports multiple encryption schemes.
PKCS Standards Summary; Version Name Comments PKCS #1: 2.2: RSA Cryptography Standard [1]: See RFC 8017. Defines the mathematical properties and format of RSA public and private keys (ASN.1-encoded in clear-text), and the basic algorithms and encoding/padding schemes for performing RSA encryption, decryption, and producing and verifying signatures.
The PKCS #1 standard defines the mathematical definitions and properties that RSA public and private keys must have. The traditional key pair is based on a modulus, n, that is the product of two distinct large prime numbers, p and q, such that =.
PKCS #1 PKCS #5, [44] PBKDF2 PKCS #8 PKCS #12 IEEE P1363 ASN.1; Botan: Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Bouncy Castle: Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes BSAFE Crypto-J Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes cryptlib: Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Crypto++: Yes Yes Yes [a] No Yes Yes GnuTLS: Java's default JCA/JCE providers Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Libgcrypt: Yes Yes [b] Yes [b] Yes [b ...
The PKCS#10 standard defines a binary format for encoding CSRs for use with X.509. It is expressed in ASN.1. Here is an example of how you can examine its ASN.1 structure using OpenSSL: openssl asn1parse -i -in your_request.p10. A CSR may be represented as a Base64 encoded PKCS#10; an example of which is given below:
If p − q is less than 2n 1/4 (n = p⋅q, which even for "small" 1024-bit values of n is 3 × 10 77), solving for p and q is trivial. Furthermore, if either p − 1 or q − 1 has only small prime factors, n can be factored quickly by Pollard's p − 1 algorithm, and hence such values of p or q should be discarded.
PKCS #7. RSA standard that governs the application of cryptography to data, for example digital signatures and digital envelopes. PKCS #8. RSA standard that governs the storage and encryption of private keys. PKCS #9. RSA standard that governs selected attribute types, including those used with PKCS #7, PKCS #8, and PKCS #10. PKCS #10.
PKCS#5 padding is identical to PKCS#7 padding, except that it has only been defined for block ciphers that use a 64-bit (8-byte) block size. In practice, the two can be used interchangeably. The maximum block size is 255, as it is the biggest number a byte can contain.