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Instant-runoff voting (IRV; US: ranked-choice voting (RCV), AU: preferential voting, UK/NZ: alternative vote) is a single-winner, multi-round elimination rule that uses ranked voting to simulate a series of runoff elections. In each round, the candidate with the fewest first-preferences (among the remaining candidates) is eliminated. This ...
Instant-runoff voting (IRV) is a ranked voting method used in single-winner elections. IRV is also known outside the US as the alternative vote (AV). Today it is in use at a national level to elect the Australian House of Representatives, the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea, the President of Ireland and President of India.
Maine was the first state to use instant runoff voting for all these elections. In 2016, Maine voters approved Maine Question 5 with 52% of the vote, approving instant runoff voting for primary and general elections for governor, U.S. Senate, U.S. House and the state legislature, starting in 2018. [14]
Here’s how an instant-runoff voting system works: Scenario one: One candidate wins a majority of first-preference votes and is declared the winner. Scenario two: There is no majority winner.
The state should employ instant runoff voting (IRV), (also called “ranked choice voting”), to eliminate dragging voters and volunteers back to the polls two weeks after primary elections.
In academic contexts, the system is generally called instant-runoff voting (IRV) to avoid conflating it with other methods of ranked voting in general. The rule works by simulating a series of primary and runoff elections, where the last-place finisher according to a plurality vote is eliminated in each round.
In instant-runoff voting (IRV) and the single transferable vote system (STV), lower preferences are used as contingencies (back-up preferences) and are only applied when all higher-ranked preferences on a ballot have been eliminated or when the vote has been cast for a candidate who has been elected and surplus votes need to be transferred.
Instant-runoff voting (IRV), like the exhaustive ballot, involves multiple reiterative counts in which the candidate with fewest votes is eliminated each time. Whilst the exhaustive ballot and the two-round system both involve voters casting a separate vote in each round, under instant-runoff, voters vote only once.