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Simulations can be chosen to either resolve variations of concentrations over space (spatial simulations) or assume concentrations constant across compartments (compartmental simulations). For spatial simulations, geometries can be specified by analytic geometry equations, derived from combination of simple shapes or derived from imported ...
Biosimulation is becoming increasingly important for drug development. [1] Since on average only 11% of all drug candidates are approved, [2] it is anticipated that biosimulation may be the tool to predict whether a candidate drug will fail in the development process e.g. in clinical trials due to adverse side effects, bad pharmacokinetics or even toxicity.
Prof. David Baker, a protein research scientist at the University of Washington, founded the Foldit project.Seth Cooper was the lead game designer. Before starting the project, Baker and his laboratory coworkers relied on another research project named Rosetta [5] to predict the native structures of various proteins using special computer protein structure prediction algorithms.
PhET Interactive Simulations is part of the University of Colorado Boulder which is a member of the Association of American Universities. [10] The team changes over time and has about 16 members consisting of professors, post-doctoral students, researchers, education specialists, software engineers (sometimes contractors), educators, and administrative assistants. [11]
In a simulation, given a starting vector (list of the values of the variables), the progression of the system is calculated by solving the equations at each time-frame in small increments. In analysis, the properties of the equations are used to investigate the behavior of the system depending on the values of the parameters and variables.
Creating a cellular model has been a particularly challenging task of systems biology and mathematical biology. It involves the use of computer simulations of the many cellular subsystems such as the networks of metabolites, enzymes which comprise metabolism and transcription, translation, regulation and induction of gene regulatory networks. [4]