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The dominant account of extinction involves associative models. However, there is debate over whether extinction involves simply "unlearning" the unconditional stimulus (US) – Conditional stimulus (CS) association (e.g., the Rescorla–Wagner account) or, alternatively, a "new learning" of an inhibitory association that masks the original excitatory association (e.g., Konorski, Pearce and ...
Reduced affect display, sometimes referred to as emotional blunting or emotional numbing, is a condition of reduced emotional reactivity in an individual. It manifests as a failure to express feelings either verbally or nonverbally, especially when talking about issues that would normally be expected to engage emotions.
Other symptoms include feeling as if one's environment is lacking in spontaneity, emotional coloring, and depth. [1] Described as "Experiences of unreality or detachment with respect to surroundings (e.g., individuals or objects are experienced as unreal, dreamlike, foggy, lifeless or visually distorted") in the DSM-5 , it is a dissociative ...
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a mood disorder subset in which people who typically have normal mental health throughout most of the year exhibit depressive symptoms at the same time each year. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is commonly, but not always, associated with the reductions or increases in total daily sunlight hours that occur during the winter ...
The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a scale for depression symptoms that applies to the general population. This scale is typically used in research and not for self-reports. The PHQ-9 which stands for Patient-Health Questionnaire-9 questions, is a self-report as well.
If your symptoms persist for a week or two, see your doctor, Gornik suggests. They’ll likely do a physical exam and an ankle-brachial index test, which measures blood pressure in your legs and arms.
The core symptoms of depersonalization-derealization disorder are the subjective experience of "unreality in one's self", [18] or detachment from one's surroundings. People who are diagnosed with depersonalization also often experience an urge to question and think critically about the nature of reality and existence.
The winter surge of respiratory viruses is here. Dr. Leana Wen answers questions about the length of viral respiratory illnesses and how to facilitate your recovery.