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The chemical elements can be broadly divided into metals, metalloids, and nonmetals according to their shared physical and chemical properties.All elemental metals have a shiny appearance (at least when freshly polished); are good conductors of heat and electricity; form alloys with other metallic elements; and have at least one basic oxide.
A metal (from Ancient Greek μέταλλον (métallon) 'mine, quarry, metal') is a material that, when polished or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well. These properties are all associated with having electrons available at the Fermi level, as against nonmetallic materials which do not. [1]:
This page lists metals, with subdivisions for alloys and specialised subsets of metal and metal-based compounds. Subcategories This category has the following 20 subcategories, out of 20 total.
Metals are insoluble in water or organic solvents, unless they undergo a reaction with them. Typically, this is an oxidation reaction that robs the metal atoms of their itinerant electrons, destroying the metallic bonding. However metals are often readily soluble in each other while retaining the metallic character of their bonding.
An amorphous metal (also known as metallic glass, glassy metal, or shiny metal) is a solid metallic material, usually an alloy, with disordered atomic-scale structure. Most metals are crystalline in their solid state, which means they have a highly ordered arrangement of atoms. Amorphous metals are non-crystalline, and have a glass-like structure.
Titanium is also considered one of the most biocompatible metals, leading to a range of medical applications including prostheses, orthopedic implants, dental implants, and surgical instruments. [14] The two most useful properties of the metal are corrosion resistance and strength-to-density ratio, the highest of any metallic element. [15]
A metalloid is a chemical element which has a preponderance of properties in between, or that are a mixture of, those of metals and nonmetals.The word metalloid comes from the Latin metallum ("metal") and the Greek oeides ("resembling in form or appearance"). [1]
It is a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, precious, silverish-white transition metal. Its name originates from Spanish platina, a diminutive of plata "silver". [7] [8] Platinum is a member of the platinum group of elements and group 10 of the periodic table of elements. It has six naturally occurring isotopes.