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The algae of this paraphyletic group "Charophyta" were previously included in Chlorophyta, so green algae and Chlorophyta in this definition were synonyms. As the green algae clades get further resolved, the embryophytes, which are a deep charophyte branch, are included in "algae", "green algae" and "Charophytes", or these terms are replaced by ...
Volvox is a polyphyletic genus in the volvocine green algae clade. [2] Each mature Volvox colony is composed of up to thousands of cells from two differentiated cell types: numerous flagellate somatic cells and a smaller number of germ cells lacking in soma that are embedded in the surface of a hollow sphere or coenobium containing an ...
The endosymbiotic green algae may have been acquired through myzocytosis rather than phagocytosis. [23] (Another group with green algae endosymbionts is the dinoflagellate genus Lepidodinium, which has replaced its original endosymbiont of red algal origin with one of green algal origin. A nucleomorph is present, and the host genome still have ...
Charophyta (UK: / k ə ˈ r ɒ f ɪ t ə, ˌ k ær ə ˈ f aɪ t ə /) is a group of freshwater green algae, called charophytes (/ ˈ k ær ə ˌ f aɪ t s /), sometimes treated as a division, [2] yet also as a superdivision [3] or an unranked clade.
Chara is a genus of charophyte green algae in the family Characeae. They are multicellular and superficially resemble land plants because of stem-like and leaf-like structures. They are found in freshwater, particularly in limestone areas throughout the northern temperate zone, where they grow submerged, attached to the muddy bottom.
The Ulvophyceae or ulvophytes are a class of green algae, [3] distinguished mainly on the basis of ultrastructural morphology, life cycle and molecular phylogenetic data. [4] The sea lettuce, Ulva, belongs here. Other well-known members include Caulerpa, Codium, Acetabularia, Cladophora, Trentepohlia and Monostroma.
They include green algae, which are primarily aquatic, and the land plants (embryophytes, Plantae sensu strictissimo), which emerged within freshwater green algae. [8] [9] [10] Green algae traditionally excludes the land plants, rendering them a paraphyletic group, however it is cladistically accurate to think of land plants as a special clade ...
The Chlorophyceae are one of the classes of green algae, distinguished mainly on the basis of ultrastructural morphology. [2] They are usually green due to the dominance of pigments chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. The chloroplast may be discoid, plate-like, reticulate, cup-shaped, spiral- or ribbon-shaped in different species.