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Red yeast rice or red rice koji is a bright reddish purple fermented rice, which acquires its color from being cultivated with the mold Monascus purpureus.Red yeast rice is what is referred to as a kōji in Japanese, meaning "grain or bean overgrown with a mold culture", a food preparation tradition going back to ca. 300 BC.
Monascus purpureus growing on white rice (red yeast rice) Scientific classification; Domain: Eukaryota: ... is the principal statin produced by M. purpureus. Only the ...
The red yeast rice fungus, Monascus purpureus, can synthesize three statins. Statins are an important class of cholesterol-lowering drugs; the first generation of statins were derived from fungi. [13] Lovastatin, the first commercial statin, was extracted from a fermentation broth of Aspergillus terreus. [13]
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Some types of statins are naturally occurring, and can be found in such foods as oyster mushrooms and red yeast rice. Randomized controlled trials have found these foodstuffs to reduce circulating cholesterol, but the quality of the trials has been judged to be low. [176]
Japanese authorities on Wednesday ordered drugmaker Kobayashi Pharmaceutical to recall three dietary supplement products containing red yeast rice, or beni koji, after they were linked to two deaths.