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In geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial analysis, buffer analysis is the determination of a zone around a geographic feature containing locations that are within a specified distance of that feature, the buffer zone (or just buffer). [1] A buffer is likely the most commonly used tool within the proximity analysis methods. [2]
Vector overlay is an operation (or class of operations) in a geographic information system (GIS) for integrating two or more vector spatial data sets. Terms such as polygon overlay, map overlay, and topological overlay are often used synonymously, although they are not identical in the range of operations they include.
The first is to use a modified version of the cost accumulation algorithm, which substitutes the backlink grid for an allocation grid, in which each cell is assigned the same source identifier of its lowest-cost neighbor, causing the domain of each source to gradually grow until they meet each other. This is the approach taken in ArcGIS Pro. [14]
Viewshed analysis is a computational algorithm that delineates a viewshed, the area that is visible (on the base terrain surface) from a given location. It is a common part of the terrain analysis toolset found in most geographic information system (GIS) software.
ArcGIS Pro is desktop GIS software developed by Esri, which replaces their ArcMap software generation. [1] The product was announced as part of Esri's ArcGIS 10.3 release, [ 2 ] ArcGIS Pro is notable in having a 64 bit architecture, combined 2-D, 3-D support, ArcGIS Online integration and Python 3 support.
Proximity analysis is a class of spatial analysis tools and algorithms that employ geographic distance as a central principle. [1] Distance is fundamental to geographic inquiry and spatial analysis, due to principles such as the friction of distance, Tobler's first law of geography, and Spatial autocorrelation, which are incorporated into analytical tools. [2]
A spatial join is an operation in a geographic information system (GIS) or spatial database that combines the attribute tables of two spatial layers based on a desired spatial relation between their geometries. [1]
Vector tiles, tiled vectors or vectiles [1] are packets of geographic data, packaged into pre-defined roughly-square shaped "tiles" for transfer over the web. This is an emerging method for delivering styled web maps, combining certain benefits of pre-rendered raster map tiles with vector map data.