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For many languages which have become extinct in recent centuries, attestation of usage is datable in the historical record, and sometimes the terminal speaker is identifiable. In other cases, historians and historical linguists may infer an estimated date of extinction from other events in the history of the sprachraum .
Eteocypriot writing, Amathous, Cyprus, 500–300 BC, Ashmolean Museum. An extinct language or dead language is a language with no living native speakers. [1] [2] A dormant language is a dead language that still serves as a symbol of ethnic identity to an ethnic group; these languages are often undergoing a process of revitalisation. [3]
UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger categories: This is a list of lists of extinct languages. By group. By continent. List of extinct languages of Africa ...
The 20 most common languages, each with more than 50 million speakers, are spoken by 50% of the world's population, but most languages are spoken by fewer than 10,000 people. [3] The first step towards language death is potential endangerment. This is when a language faces strong external pressure, but there are still communities of speakers ...
Lists of endangered languages are mainly based on the definitions used by UNESCO. In order to be listed, a language must be classified as "endangered" in a cited academic source. Researchers have concluded that in less than one hundred years, almost half of the languages known today will be lost forever. [1] The lists are organized by region.
For historical forms of languages that evolved into more modern forms, see historical language. language portal Though the languages on these lists have no direct spoken descendant, some such as the Anglo-Norman language heavily influenced the development of a spoken language; in the case of Anglo-Norman, Middle English and Modern English ...
A revived language is a language that at one point had no native speakers, but through revitalization efforts has regained native speakers. The most frequent reason for extinction is the marginalisation of local languages within a wider dominant nation state , which might at times amount to outright political oppression.
This is a list of extinct languages of North America, languages which have undergone language death, have no native speakers and no spoken descendant, most of them being languages of former Native American tribes. There are 204 Indigenous, 2 Creole, 3 European, 4 Sign and 5 Pidgin languages listed. In total 218 languages.