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In object-oriented programming, an interface or protocol type [a] is a data type that acts as an abstraction of a class.It describes a set of method signatures, the implementations of which may be provided by multiple classes that are otherwise not necessarily related to each other. [1]
Terminology invoking "objects" in the modern sense of object-oriented programming made its first appearance at the artificial intelligence group at MIT in the late 1950s and early 1960s.
In object-oriented programming, inheritance is the mechanism of basing an object or class upon another object (prototype-based inheritance) or class (class-based inheritance), retaining similar implementation.
Access modifiers (or access specifiers) are keywords in object-oriented languages that set the accessibility of classes, methods, and other members.Access modifiers are a specific part of programming language syntax used to facilitate the encapsulation of components.
Notes [ edit ] ^ Beck 1997 uses the terms "simple delegation" for when the receiving object does not have access to the sending object, and "self delegation" for when the receiving object does have access to the sending object; in modern language these are "forwarding" and "delegation", as used in this article.
Object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) is a technical approach for analyzing and designing an application, system, or business by applying object-oriented programming, as well as using visual modeling throughout the software development process to guide stakeholder communication and product quality.
In object-oriented programming languages, and other related fields, encapsulation refers to one of two related but distinct notions, and sometimes to the combination thereof: [5] [6]
In class-based, object-oriented programming, a constructor (abbreviation: ctor) is a special type of function called to create an object.It prepares the new object for use, often accepting arguments that the constructor uses to set required member variables.