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The Prison Window by John Phillip depicting a Romani family in Spain during the Great Gypsy Round-up.. The Great Gypsy Round-up (Spanish: Gran Redada de Gitanos), also known as the general imprisonment of the Gypsies (prisión general de gitanos), was a raid authorized and organized by the Spanish Monarchy that led to the arrest of most Roma in the region and the genocide of 120,000 Romani ...
The Gypsies during the Second World War. Vol. 2 In the Shadow of the Swastika. Gypsy Research Centre and Univ. of Hertfordshire Press. ISBN 978-0-900458-85-9. Kenrick, Donald, ed. (2006). The Gypsies during the Second World War. Vol. 3 The Final Chapter. Gypsy Research Centre and Univ. of Hertfordshire Press. ISBN 978-1-902806-49-5.
During the Spanish Civil War, gitanos were not persecuted for their ethnicity by either side. [32] Under the regime of Francisco Franco, gitanos were often harassed or simply ignored, although their children were educated, sometimes forcibly, much as all Spaniards are nowadays. [33]
The first transport of German Roma arrived on 26 February 1943, and was housed in Section B-IIe. Approximately 23,000 Roma had been brought to Auschwitz by 1944, of whom 20,000 died there. [3] One transport of 1,700 Polish Sinti and Roma were killed in the gas chambers upon arrival, as they were suspected to be ill with spotted fever. [4]
The Ruska Roma (Руска Рома), also known as Russian Gypsies (Русские цыгане) or Khaladitka/Xaladytka Roma (Халадытка Рома; lit. ' Roma Soldiers ' ), [ 1 ] are the largest subgroup of Romani people in Russia and Belarus , [ 2 ] with smaller remnants of the group living in Ukraine , Latvia , Poland , the United ...
During the Nazi occupation of Czechoslovakia in World War II, Romani were exterminated by Nazi mobile killing units and in camps such as Lety, Hodonín and Auschwitz. 90% of native Romani were killed during the war; the Romani in modern-day Czech Republic are mostly post-war immigrants from Slovakia or Hungary and their descendants.
The Romani people, who lived in Europe from the 15th century, were among the groups singled out by the Nazi Germany regime for persecution and were often murdered along with the Jews. Between 500,000 and 1,500,000 Romani were killed by the Nazis throughout Europe during the Holocaust .
However, some cultural differences arose within the community during and after World War II. Those Polska Roma who spent the war in Soviet-controlled territories were able to maintain their orthodox practices, while those under German occupation, threatened by genocide, had to compromise the strictness of their traditions to survive. [1] [2]