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The Prison Window by John Phillip depicting a Romani family in Spain during the Great Gypsy Round-up.. The Great Gypsy Round-up (Spanish: Gran Redada de Gitanos), also known as the general imprisonment of the Gypsies (prisión general de gitanos), was a raid authorized and organized by the Spanish Monarchy that led to the arrest of most Roma in the region and the genocide of 120,000 Romani ...
During the Spanish Civil War, gitanos were not persecuted for their ethnicity by either side. [32] Under the regime of Francisco Franco, gitanos were often harassed or simply ignored, although their children were educated, sometimes forcibly, much as all Spaniards are nowadays. [33]
The Ruska Roma (Руска Рома), also known as Russian Gypsies (Русские цыгане) or Khaladitka/Xaladytka Roma (Халадытка Рома; lit. ' Roma Soldiers ' ), [ 1 ] are the largest subgroup of Romani people in Russia and Belarus , [ 2 ] with smaller remnants of the group living in Ukraine , Latvia , Poland , the United ...
The first transport of German Roma arrived on 26 February 1943, and was housed in Section B-IIe. Approximately 23,000 Roma had been brought to Auschwitz by 1944, of whom 20,000 died there. [ 3 ] One transport of 1,700 Polish Sinti and Roma were killed in the gas chambers upon arrival, as they were suspected to be ill with spotted fever .
The Roma migrated throughout Europe and Iberian Calé or Caló. The first Roma to come to the United States arrived in Virginia, Georgia, New Jersey and Louisiana during the 1500s. [169] Romani slaves were first shipped to the Americas with Columbus in 1498. [94] Spain sent Romani slaves to their Louisiana colony between 1762 and 1800. [95]
The Romani people have long been a part of the collective mythology of the West, where they were (and very often still are) depicted as outsiders, aliens, and a threat. For centuries they were enslaved in Eastern Europe and hunted in Western Europe: the Pořajmos, Hitler's attempt at genocide, was one violent link in a chain of persecution that encompassed countries generally considered more ...
They were first mentioned in 1357 in southwestern Poland and again in 1401 and further mentions. In Bohemian Silesia, they were first mentioned in 1350. Their surnames were “Cygan.” A mass migration from Bohemia began when the persecution in the Holy Roman Empire and in Bohemia spread in the 16th century, leading them to emigrate to Poland.
During World War II and the Holocaust, the Nazis murdered 220,000 to 500,000 Romanies in a genocide referred to as the Porajmos. Like the Jews, they were segregated and forced to move into ghettos before they were sent to concentration or extermination camps .