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where U is the oil's kinematic viscosity at 40 °C (104 °F), Y is the oil's kinematic viscosity at 100 °C (212 °F), and L and H are the viscosities at 40 °C for two hypothetical oils of VI 0 and 100 respectively, having the same viscosity at 100 °C as the oil whose VI we are trying to determine.
A hydraulic fluid or hydraulic liquid is the medium by which power is transferred in hydraulic machinery. Common hydraulic fluids are based on mineral oil or water. [ 1 ] Examples of equipment that might use hydraulic fluids are excavators and backhoes , hydraulic brakes , power steering systems, automatic transmissions , garbage trucks ...
Consequently, if a liquid has dynamic viscosity of n centiPoise, and its density is not too different from that of water, then its kinematic viscosity is around n centiStokes. For gas, the dynamic viscosity is usually in the range of 10 to 20 microPascal-seconds, or 0.01 to 0.02 centiPoise. The density is usually on the order of 0.5 to 5 kg/m^3.
For a faster reaction of the ABS and ESP systems, DOT 4 and DOT 5.1 brake fluids exist with low viscosity meeting the maximum 750 mm 2 /s viscosity at −40 °C (−40 °F) requirement of ISO 4925 class 6. [2] These are often named DOT 4+ or Super DOT 4 and DOT 5.1 ESP.
But SAE also allows designating an oil with two viscosity grades, referred to as a multi-grade oil. For example, 10W-30 designates a common multi-grade oil. A 10W-30 oil must pass the SAE J300 viscosity grade requirements for both 10W and 30, and all limitations placed on the viscosity grades, such as the requirement that a 10W oil must fail ...
ISO 3722:1976 Hydraulic fluid power — Fluid sample containers — Qualifying and controlling cleaning methods; ISO 3723:2015 Hydraulic fluid power — Filter elements — Method for end load test; ISO 3724:2007 Hydraulic fluid power — Filter elements — Determination of resistance to flow fatigue using particulate contaminant