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Sea ice does not simply grow and melt. During its lifespan, it is very dynamic. Due to the combined action of winds, currents, water temperature and air temperature fluctuations, sea ice expanses typically undergo a significant amount of deformation. Sea ice is classified according to whether or not it is able to drift and according to its age.
This ice-albedo feedback is a self-reinforcing feedback of climate change. [71] Large-scale measurements of sea ice have only been possible since satellites came into use. [72] Sea ice in the Arctic has declined in recent decades in area and volume due to climate change. It has been melting more in summer than it refreezes in winter.
The Arctic sea ice minimum is the day in a given year when Arctic sea ice reaches its smallest extent, occurring at the end of the summer melting season, normally during September. Arctic Sea ice maximum is the day of a year when Arctic sea ice reaches its largest extent near the end of the Arctic cold season, normally during March. [14]
The least amount of sea ice, which typically melts and reforms with the changing of the seasons, in a day this year was at 1.65 million square miles: a stark decline compared to the average ...
Arctic sea ice was once identified as a potential tipping element. The loss of sunlight-reflecting sea ice during summer exposes the (dark) ocean, which would warm. Arctic sea ice cover is likely to melt entirely under even relatively low levels of warming, and it was hypothesised that this could eventually transfer enough heat to the ocean to ...
Sea ice decline refers to the melting of sea ice in the polar regions: In the Arctic: Arctic sea ice decline; In the Antarctic: Antarctica#Glaciers and floating ice and Antarctic sea ice#Recent trends and climate change
Climate change can also be used more broadly to include changes to the climate that have happened throughout Earth's history. [32] Global warming—used as early as 1975 [33] —became the more popular term after NASA climate scientist James Hansen used it in his 1988 testimony in the U.S. Senate. [34] Since the 2000s, climate change has ...
Climate change is altering the Earth to its literal core, new research suggests. As polar and glacial ice melts because of global warming, water that was once concentrated at the top and the ...