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In general, Islamic banking and finance has been described as having the "same purpose" as conventional banking but operating in accordance with the rules of Sharia law (Institute of Islamic Banking and Insurance), [107] or having the same "basic objective" as other private entities, i.e. "maximization of shareholder wealth" (Mohamed Warsame ...
(For example, one Islamic bank—Al Rayan Bank in the UK—talks about "Fixed Term" deposits or savings accounts). [167] In both these Islamic and conventional accounts the depositor agrees to hold the deposit at the bank for a fixed amount of time. [168] In Islamic banking return is measured as "expected profit rate" rather than interest. [169 ...
The industry has been praised for turning a "theory" into an industry that has grown to about $2 trillion in size; [6] [7] [8] for attracting banking users whose religious objections have kept them away from conventional banking services, [9] drawing non-Muslim bankers into the field, [2] and (according to other supporters) introducing a more stable, less risky form of finance.
Islamic products have to be approved by banking regulators who deal with the conventional financial world and so must be identical in function to conventional financial products. [ 70 ] But banks in countries whose governments favor Islamic banking over conventional – i.e. Malaysia, Pakistan, Sudan, Iran – show no more inclination towards ...
An Islamic Development Bank branch in Dhaka. Sharia and securities trading is the impact of conventional financial markets activity for those following the islamic religion and particularly sharia law. Sharia practices ban riba (earning interest) and involvement in haram. It also forbids gambling and excessive risk (bayu al-gharar).
Because compliance with Sharia law is the underlying reason for the existence of Islamic finance, Islamic banks (and conventional banking institutions that offer Islamic banking products and services) should establish a Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) to advise them on whether their products comply, and to ensure that their operations and ...
While Khan admits that a banking system based on the two modes of (1) current account deposits backed by 100% reserve and (2) profit and loss sharing accounts, would doubtless be more stable than conventional banking, [320] this "has limited practical application"—limited to that small niche of Islamic banking that actually uses profit and ...
In banking this was done through the use of sales transactions (focusing on the fixed rate return modes) to support investing without interest-bearing debt. Many modern writers have strongly criticized this approach as a means of covering conventional banking with an Islamic facade. [103] (Sohrab Behada has argued that the economic system ...