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An electrical load is an electrical component or portion of a circuit that consumes (active) electric power, [1] [2] such as electrical appliances and lights inside the home. The term may also refer to the power consumed by a circuit. This is opposed to a power supply source, such as a battery or generator, which provides power. [2]
In electrical engineering the load factor is defined as the average load divided by the peak load in a specified time period. [1] It is a measure of the utilization rate, or efficiency of electrical energy usage; a high load factor indicates that load is using the electric system more efficiently, whereas consumers or generators that underutilize the electric distribution will have a low load ...
When talking about the efficiency of heat engines and power stations the convention should be stated, i.e., HHV (a.k.a. Gross Heating Value, etc.) or LCV (a.k.a. Net Heating value), and whether gross output (at the generator terminals) or net output (at the power station fence) are being considered. The two are separate but both must be stated.
As a result of the maximum power theorem, devices transfer maximum power to a load when running at 50% electrical efficiency. This occurs when the load resistance (of the device in question) is equal to the internal Thevenin equivalent resistance of the power source. This is valid only for non-reactive source and load impedances.
This can be avoided by unplugging the appliance or using a power strip and using the switch on the power strip to cut all power to the appliance." [3] Standby power used by older devices can be as high as 10–15 W per device, [4] while a modern HD LCD television may use less than 1 W in standby mode. Some appliances use no energy when turned off.
For example, when users enter their actual electricity tariffs, the predictive power of the model improves. Other methods are used to calculate the energy used by appliances, water heating, and lighting. The public domain HES calculation methods and underlying data are clearly documented on the website. Other web-based tool developers are ...