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The migration of the Romani people through the Middle East and Northern Africa to Europe. The key shows the century of arrival in that area, e.g., S.XII is the 12th century. Romani people first arrived in Europe via the Balkans sometime between the 9th and 14th centuries from north India, through Iran, Armenia, and Anatolia. [33] [34] [35]
Romani is the feminine adjective, while Romano is the masculine adjective. Some Romanies use Rom or Roma as an ethnic name, while others (such as the Sinti, or the Romanichal) do not use this term as a self-description for the entire ethnic group. [105] Sometimes, rom and romani are spelled with a double r, i.e., rrom and rromani.
The Romani people have long been a part of the collective mythology of the West, where they were (and very often still are) depicted as outsiders, aliens, and a threat. For centuries they were enslaved in Eastern Europe and hunted in Western Europe: the Pořajmos, Hitler's attempt at genocide, was one violent link in a chain of persecution that encompassed countries generally considered more ...
The Romani of England are commonly known as Gypsies or Romani, or Romanichal in Angloromani. The Romani of Scandinavia are commonly known as Romer or Tater , or Romanisael in Scandoromani . In German-speaking Europe, the self-designation is Sinti , in France Manush , while the groups of Spain, Wales, and Finland use Calé , Kalé and Kaale ...
The first Roma to come to the United States arrived in Virginia, Georgia, New Jersey and Louisiana during the 1500s. [30] Romani slaves were first shipped to the Americas with Columbus in 1498. [31] Spain sent Romani slaves to their Louisiana colony between 1762 and 1800. [32]
The Romani flag, known as O styago le romengo in the Romani language, serves as the international emblem for the Romani community. It was designed by the General Union of the Roma of Romania in 1933 and received official recognition at the inaugural World Romani Congress, which took place in London, United Kingdom, in 1971.
The first Romani people in Colombia are thought to have come from Spain and were formerly known as Egipcios settling primarily in the Departments of Santander, Norte de Santander, Atlántico, Tolima, Antioquia, Sucre, Bogotá D.C. and in smaller numbers in the Departments of Bolívar, Nariño and Valle del Cauca. [193]
Several theories, in great extent mutually exclusive, address the issue of the origin of the Romanians.The Romanian language descends from the Vulgar Latin dialects spoken in the Roman provinces north of the "Jireček Line" (a proposed notional line separating the predominantly Latin-speaking territories from the Greek-speaking lands in Southeastern Europe) in Late Antiquity.