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  2. Outline of mining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_mining

    Underground mining (hard rock) Underground mining (soft rock) There are three directions by which an underground mine may be conducted: Drift mining, mining horizontally; Shaft mining, mining vertically; Slope mining, mining at an inclined angle Stoping is the process of extracting out the ore from underground, leaving a hole called a stope ...

  3. Underground hard-rock mining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_hard-rock_mining

    There are two principal phases of underground mining: development mining and production mining. Development mining is composed of excavation almost entirely in (non-valuable) waste rock in order to gain access to the orebody. There are six steps in development mining: remove previously blasted material (muck out round), scaling (removing any unstable slabs of rock hanging from the roof and ...

  4. Mineral processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_processing

    Mineral processing is the process of separating commercially valuable minerals from their ores in the field of extractive metallurgy. [1] Depending on the processes used in each instance, it is often referred to as ore dressing or ore milling .

  5. Drilling and blasting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_and_blasting

    Repeating these steps until desired excavation is complete. The positions and depths of the holes (and the amount of explosive each hole receives) are determined by a carefully constructed pattern, which, together with the correct timing of the individual explosions, will guarantee that the tunnel will have an approximately circular cross-section.

  6. Hard Rock Miner's Handbook - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_Rock_Miner's_Handbook

    The Hard Rock Miner's Handbook is a reference book that deals with the underground hard-rock mining industry. It was written by engineer Jack de la Vergne as a non-profit publication. [ 1 ] The first edition was published in 2000 by McIntosh Engineering, a mining engineering consulting company. [ 2 ]

  7. Heap leaching - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heap_leaching

    Although heap leaching is a low cost-process, it normally has recovery rates of 60-70%. It is normally most profitable with low-grade ores. Higher-grade ores are usually put through more complex milling processes where higher recoveries justify the extra cost. The process chosen depends on the properties of the ore. The final product is cathode ...

  8. Mining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining

    Techniques of surface mining include: open-pit mining, which is the recovery of materials from an open pit in the ground; quarrying, identical to open-pit mining except that it refers to sand, stone and clay; strip mining, which consists of stripping surface layers off to reveal ore underneath; and mountaintop removal, commonly associated with ...

  9. Mining engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_engineering

    Surface gold mine with haul truck in foreground, in Kalgoorlie, Australia. Mining in the engineering discipline is the extraction of minerals from the ground. Mining engineering is associated with many other disciplines, such as mineral processing, exploration, excavation, geology, metallurgy, geotechnical engineering and surveying.

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