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Singapore had relatively few COVID-19 cases before the emergence of the Delta and Omicron variants from 8 May 2021 to 29 March 2022. [2] With its relative success in curbing the early spread of the virus in Singapore, the term "circuit breaker" and its measures was subsequently adopted by other countries, particularly in Canada and the United ...
Vascular dementia can sometimes be triggered by cerebral amyloid angiopathy, which involves accumulation of amyloid beta plaques in the walls of the cerebral arteries, leading to breakdown and rupture of the vessels. [2] [5] Since amyloid plaques are a characteristic feature of Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia may occur as a consequence ...
Cerebral hypoxia is a form of hypoxia (reduced supply of oxygen), specifically involving the brain; when the brain is completely deprived of oxygen, it is called cerebral anoxia. There are four categories of cerebral hypoxia; they are, in order of increasing severity: diffuse cerebral hypoxia (DCH), focal cerebral ischemia , cerebral infarction ...
Micrograph showing cortical pseudolaminar necrosis. H&E-LFB stain.. Cortical pseudolaminar necrosis, also known as cortical laminar necrosis and simply laminar necrosis, is the death of cells in the cerebral cortex of the brain in a band-like pattern, [1] with a relative preservation of cells immediately adjacent to the meninges.
Most cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis are due to hypercoagulability. [3] The inflammatory response and prolonged immobilization of patients with COVID-19 may also help explain the formation of CVST. [14] It is possible for the clot to break off and migrate to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism.
Brain ischemia has been linked to a variety of diseases or abnormalities. Individuals with sickle cell anemia, compressed blood vessels, ventricular tachycardia, plaque buildup in the arteries, blood clots, extremely low blood pressure as a result of heart attack, and congenital heart defects have a higher predisposition to brain ischemia in comparison to the average population.
The COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 . The first case in Singapore was confirmed on 23 January 2020. Early cases were primarily imported until local transmission began to develop in February and March.
[7] [8] The incidence is much higher in the elderly, especially those who are 85 or older, who are 9.6 times more likely to have an intracerebral hemorrhage as compared to those of middle age. [8] It accounts for 20% of all cases of cerebrovascular disease in the United States, behind cerebral thrombosis (40%) and cerebral embolism (30%).