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The front crawl or forward crawl, also known as the Australian crawl [1] or American crawl, [2] is a swimming stroke usually regarded as the fastest of the four front primary strokes. [3] As such, the front crawl stroke is almost universally used during a freestyle swimming competition, and hence freestyle is used metonymically for the front crawl.
The term 'freestyle stroke' is sometimes used as a synonym for 'front crawl', [3] as front crawl is the fastest surface swimming stroke. [4] It is now the most common stroke used in freestyle competitions. [5] The first Olympics held open water swimming events, but after a few Olympics, closed water swimming was introduced.
The new crawl style was referred to by many as the American Crawl. Daniels' Coach Gus Sundstrom was the first swimming instructor and director at NYAC and served from 1885-1935. According to swimming lore, Sundstrom studied the technique of the American Indian Big Red Fish who used an overarm stroke with a thrashing kick, to improve on the ...
Dolphin crawl: Similar to front crawl, but with a dolphin kick. One kick per arm or two kicks per cycle. This style is often used in training. Catch up stroke: A variation of the front crawl where one arm always rests at the front while the other arm performs one cycle. This can also be used as a drill when training in competitive swimming.
Medley swimming is a combination of four different swimming strokes (freestyle (usually front crawl), backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly) into one race. This race is either swum by one swimmer as individual medley ( IM ) or by four swimmers as a medley relay .
In club swimming in Australasia, the short course (25m) season lasts from April to September, and the long course (50m) season from October to March with open water in the summer months. Outside the United States, meters is the standard in both short and long course swimming, with the same distances swum in all events.